rkhunter è uno script che analizza il filesytem alla ricerca di applicazioni malevole: rootkits, backdoors (cavalli di troia) e altri rischi per la sicurezza. Un rootkits consente all’attaccante di avere un accesso di tipo privilegiato al computer/server. rkhunter permette di capire se il computer/server è stato compromesso. E’ buona norma ultilizzare anche altri software di controllo ad esempio: chkrootkit .
Tra i controlli effettuati :
- compazione delle impronte dei files importanti con quelle contenute in database online,
- ricerca di directory e files dei rootkits conosciuti,
- ricerca di errori nei permessi nei file binari,
- ricerca di file e cartelle nascoste,
- ricerca di stringhe sospette nei moduli kernel,
- controllo dei file di configurazione di SSHD
rkhunter si installa al solito con
sudo apt install rkhunter
Per evitare warning inutili è opportuno modificare il file di configurazione /etc/rkhunter.conf.local indicando il package manager
In debian 9.xx cambiare il valore di default NONE in DPKG
... #PKGMGR=NONE ...
in
PKGMGR=DPKG
aggiornare anche il file database delle proprietà con i comandi
sudo rkhunter --propupd
e
sudo rkhunter --update
Lo scanner si avvia manualmente con
sudo rkhunter -c
Per informazioni più dettagliate sul controllo effettuato è possible consultare il file .log in /var/log/rkhunter.log
Per quanto attiene ai warning va considerato che rkhunter
esempio di listato generato da rkhunter
maurizio# rkhunter -c
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.2 ]
Checking system commands...
Performing 'strings' command checks
Checking 'strings' command [ OK ]
Performing 'shared libraries' checks
Checking for preloading variables [ None found ]
Checking for preloaded libraries [ None found ]
Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable [ Not found ]
Performing file properties checks
Checking for prerequisites [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/adduser [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/chroot [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/cron [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupadd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/groupmod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/grpck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/nologin [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/pwck [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/rsyslogd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/sshd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/tcpd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/useradd [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/userdel [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/usermod [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/vipw [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/unhide [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/unhide-linux [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/unhide-posix [ OK ]
/usr/sbin/unhide-tcp [ OK ]
/usr/bin/awk [ OK ]
/usr/bin/basename [ OK ]
/usr/bin/chattr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/curl [ OK ]
/usr/bin/cut [ OK ]
/usr/bin/diff [ OK ]
/usr/bin/dirname [ OK ]
/usr/bin/dpkg [ OK ]
/usr/bin/dpkg-query [ OK ]
/usr/bin/du [ OK ]
/usr/bin/env [ OK ]
/usr/bin/file [ OK ]
/usr/bin/find [ OK ]
/usr/bin/GET [ OK ]
/usr/bin/groups [ OK ]
/usr/bin/head [ OK ]
/usr/bin/id [ OK ]
/usr/bin/killall [ OK ]
/usr/bin/last [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lastlog [ OK ]
/usr/bin/ldd [ OK ]
/usr/bin/less [ OK ]
/usr/bin/logger [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lsattr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lsof [ OK ]
/usr/bin/mail [ OK ]
/usr/bin/md5sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/newgrp [ OK ]
/usr/bin/passwd [ OK ]
/usr/bin/perl [ OK ]
/usr/bin/pgrep [ OK ]
/usr/bin/pkill [ OK ]
/usr/bin/pstree [ OK ]
/usr/bin/rkhunter [ OK ]
/usr/bin/runcon [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha1sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha224sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha256sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha384sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sha512sum [ OK ]
/usr/bin/size [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sort [ OK ]
/usr/bin/ssh [ OK ]
/usr/bin/stat [ OK ]
/usr/bin/strings [ OK ]
/usr/bin/sudo [ OK ]
/usr/bin/tail [ OK ]
/usr/bin/test [ OK ]
/usr/bin/top [ OK ]
/usr/bin/touch [ OK ]
/usr/bin/tr [ OK ]
/usr/bin/uniq [ OK ]
/usr/bin/users [ OK ]
/usr/bin/vmstat [ OK ]
/usr/bin/w [ OK ]
/usr/bin/watch [ OK ]
/usr/bin/wc [ OK ]
/usr/bin/wget [ OK ]
/usr/bin/whatis [ OK ]
/usr/bin/whereis [ OK ]
/usr/bin/which [ OK ]
/usr/bin/who [ OK ]
/usr/bin/whoami [ OK ]
/usr/bin/mawk [ OK ]
/usr/bin/lwp-request [ OK ]
/usr/bin/mail.mailutils [ OK ]
/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-size [ OK ]
/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-strings [ OK ]
/usr/bin/w.procps [ OK ]
/sbin/depmod [ OK ]
/sbin/fsck [ OK ]
/sbin/ifconfig [ OK ]
/sbin/ifdown [ OK ]
/sbin/ifup [ OK ]
/sbin/init [ OK ]
/sbin/insmod [ OK ]
/sbin/ip [ OK ]
/sbin/lsmod [ OK ]
/sbin/modinfo [ OK ]
/sbin/modprobe [ OK ]
/sbin/rmmod [ OK ]
/sbin/route [ OK ]
/sbin/runlevel [ OK ]
/sbin/sulogin [ OK ]
/sbin/sysctl [ OK ]
/bin/bash [ OK ]
/bin/cat [ OK ]
/bin/chmod [ OK ]
/bin/chown [ OK ]
/bin/cp [ OK ]
/bin/date [ OK ]
/bin/df [ OK ]
/bin/dmesg [ OK ]
/bin/echo [ OK ]
/bin/egrep [ OK ]
/bin/fgrep [ OK ]
/bin/fuser [ OK ]
/bin/grep [ OK ]
/bin/ip [ OK ]
/bin/kill [ OK ]
/bin/less [ OK ]
/bin/login [ OK ]
/bin/ls [ OK ]
/bin/lsmod [ OK ]
/bin/mktemp [ OK ]
/bin/more [ OK ]
/bin/mount [ OK ]
/bin/mv [ OK ]
/bin/netstat [ OK ]
/bin/ping [ OK ]
/bin/ps [ OK ]
/bin/pwd [ OK ]
/bin/readlink [ OK ]
/bin/sed [ OK ]
/bin/sh [ OK ]
/bin/su [ OK ]
/bin/touch [ OK ]
/bin/uname [ OK ]
/bin/which [ OK ]
/bin/kmod [ OK ]
/bin/systemd [ OK ]
/bin/systemctl [ OK ]
/bin/dash [ OK ]
/lib/systemd/systemd [ OK ]
[Press to continue]
Checking for rootkits...
Performing check of known rootkit files and directories
55808 Trojan - Variant A [ Not found ]
ADM Worm [ Not found ]
AjaKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Adore Rootkit [ Not found ]
aPa Kit [ Not found ]
Apache Worm [ Not found ]
Ambient (ark) Rootkit [ Not found ]
Balaur Rootkit [ Not found ]
BeastKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
beX2 Rootkit [ Not found ]
BOBKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
cb Rootkit [ Not found ]
CiNIK Worm (Slapper.B variant) [ Not found ]
Danny-Boy's Abuse Kit [ Not found ]
Devil RootKit [ Not found ]
Dica-Kit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Dreams Rootkit [ Not found ]
Duarawkz Rootkit [ Not found ]
Enye LKM [ Not found ]
Flea Linux Rootkit [ Not found ]
Fu Rootkit [ Not found ]
Fuck`it Rootkit [ Not found ]
GasKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Heroin LKM [ Not found ]
HjC Kit [ Not found ]
ignoKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
IntoXonia-NG Rootkit [ Not found ]
Irix Rootkit [ Not found ]
Jynx Rootkit [ Not found ]
KBeast Rootkit [ Not found ]
Kitko Rootkit [ Not found ]
Knark Rootkit [ Not found ]
ld-linuxv.so Rootkit [ Not found ]
Li0n Worm [ Not found ]
Lockit / LJK2 Rootkit [ Not found ]
Mood-NT Rootkit [ Not found ]
MRK Rootkit [ Not found ]
Ni0 Rootkit [ Not found ]
Ohhara Rootkit [ Not found ]
Optic Kit (Tux) Worm [ Not found ]
Oz Rootkit [ Not found ]
Phalanx Rootkit [ Not found ]
Phalanx2 Rootkit [ Not found ]
Phalanx2 Rootkit (extended tests) [ Not found ]
Portacelo Rootkit [ Not found ]
R3dstorm Toolkit [ Not found ]
RH-Sharpe's Rootkit [ Not found ]
RSHA's Rootkit [ Not found ]
Scalper Worm [ Not found ]
Sebek LKM [ Not found ]
Shutdown Rootkit [ Not found ]
SHV4 Rootkit [ Not found ]
SHV5 Rootkit [ Not found ]
Sin Rootkit [ Not found ]
Slapper Worm [ Not found ]
Sneakin Rootkit [ Not found ]
'Spanish' Rootkit [ Not found ]
Suckit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Superkit Rootkit [ Not found ]
TBD (Telnet BackDoor) [ Not found ]
TeLeKiT Rootkit [ Not found ]
T0rn Rootkit [ Not found ]
trNkit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Trojanit Kit [ Not found ]
Tuxtendo Rootkit [ Not found ]
URK Rootkit [ Not found ]
Vampire Rootkit [ Not found ]
VcKit Rootkit [ Not found ]
Volc Rootkit [ Not found ]
Xzibit Rootkit [ Not found ]
zaRwT.KiT Rootkit [ Not found ]
ZK Rootkit [ Not found ]
[Press to continue]
Performing additional rootkit checks
Suckit Rookit additional checks [ OK ]
Checking for possible rootkit files and directories [ None found ]
Checking for possible rootkit strings [ None found ]
Performing malware checks
Checking running processes for suspicious files [ None found ]
Checking for login backdoors [ None found ]
Checking for suspicious directories [ None found ]
Checking for sniffer log files [ None found ]
Suspicious Shared Memory segments [ None found ]
Performing Linux specific checks
Checking loaded kernel modules [ OK ]
Checking kernel module names [ OK ]
[Press to continue]
Checking the network...
Performing checks on the network ports
Checking for backdoor ports [ None found ]
Checking for hidden ports [ None found ]
Performing checks on the network interfaces
Checking for promiscuous interfaces [ None found ]
Checking the local host...
Performing system boot checks
Checking for local host name [ Found ]
Checking for system startup files [ Found ]
Checking system startup files for malware [ None found ]
Performing group and account checks
Checking for passwd file [ Found ]
Checking for root equivalent (UID 0) accounts [ None found ]
Checking for passwordless accounts [ None found ]
Checking for passwd file changes [ None found ]
Checking for group file changes [ None found ]
Checking root account shell history files [ OK ]
Performing system configuration file checks
Checking for an SSH configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if SSH root access is allowed [ Not allowed ]
Checking if SSH protocol v1 is allowed [ Not allowed ]
Checking for a running system logging daemon [ Found ]
Checking for a system logging configuration file [ Found ]
Checking if syslog remote logging is allowed [ Not allowed ]
Performing filesystem checks
Checking /dev for suspicious file types [ None found ]
Checking for hidden files and directories [ Warning ]
[Press to continue]
System checks summary
=====================
File properties checks...
Files checked: 144
Suspect files: 0
Rootkit checks...
Rootkits checked : 378
Possible rootkits: 0
Applications checks...
All checks skipped
The system checks took: 6 minutes and 46 seconds
All results have been written to the log file: /var/log/rkhunter.log
One or more warnings have been found while checking the system.
Please check the log file (/var/log/rkhunter.log)
Checking for hidden files and directories [ Warning ]
dettagli relativi al warning file /var/log/rkhunter.log
Viene evidenziata la presenza della cartella nascosta .java che non rappresenta in questo caso non rappresenta un fattore critico.
rkhunter lista dei tests
rkhunter --list tests
Current test names:
additional_rkts all apps attributes avail_modules deleted_files
filesystem group_accounts group_changes hashes hidden_ports hidden_procs
immutable known_rkts loaded_modules local_host malware network
none os_specific other_malware packet_cap_apps passwd_changes ports
possible_rkt_files possible_rkt_strings promisc properties rootkits running_procs
scripts shared_libs shared_libs_path startup_files startup_malware strings
suspscan system_commands system_configs trojans
Grouped test names:
additional_rkts => possible_rkt_files possible_rkt_strings
group_accounts => group_changes passwd_changes
local_host => filesystem group_changes passwd_changes startup_malware system_configs
malware => deleted_files hidden_procs other_malware running_procs suspscan
network => hidden_ports packet_cap_apps ports promisc
os_specific => avail_modules loaded_modules
properties => attributes hashes immutable scripts
rootkits => avail_modules deleted_files hidden_procs known_rkts loaded_modules other_malware possible_rkt_files possible_rkt_strings running_procs suspscan trojans
shared_libs => shared_libs_path
startup_files => startup_malware
system_commands => attributes hashes immutable scripts shared_libs_path strings
Risorse:
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