Ubuntu rimuovere kernel obsoleti via terminale

[aggiornamento 2013 luglio ]

Determinare il kernel in esecuzione che in genere è il kernel corrente.

uname -r

maurizio@rarl1304:~$ uname -r
3.8.0-26-generic

visualizzare i kernels installati

dpkg --list | grep linux-image

maurizio@rarl1304:~$ dpkg --list | grep linux-image 

ii  linux-image-3.8.0-22-generic          3.8.0-22.33                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.8.0-23-generic          3.8.0-23.34                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.8.0-25-generic          3.8.0-25.37                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-3.8.0-26-generic          3.8.0-26.38                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-19-generic    3.8.0-19.30                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-21-generic    3.8.0-21.32                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-22-generic    3.8.0-22.33                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-23-generic    3.8.0-23.34                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-25-generic    3.8.0-25.37                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-extra-3.8.0-26-generic    3.8.0-26.38                         amd64        Linux kernel image for version 3.8.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-image-generic                   3.8.0.26.44                         amd64        Generic Linux kernel image

Elencare gli headers installati

ls /usr/src | grep 'linux-headers'

maurizio@rarl1304:~$ ls /usr/src | grep 'linux-headers'
linux-headers-3.8.0-22
linux-headers-3.8.0-22-generic
linux-headers-3.8.0-23
linux-headers-3.8.0-23-generic
linux-headers-3.8.0-25
linux-headers-3.8.0-25-generic
linux-headers-3.8.0-26
linux-headers-3.8.0-26-generic

Rimuovere i vecchi kernels

Rimuovere uno specifico kernel comporta una liberazione di spazio fino a 150MB e rimuovere un headers può liberare fino a 100M.

E’ preferibile rimuovere dapprima gli headers

sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-3.8.0-19

maurizio@rarl1304:~$  sudo apt-get purge linux-headers-3.8.0-22 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-headers-3.8.0-22* linux-headers-3.8.0-22-generic*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
After this operation, 72,1 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? 
(Reading database ... 225392 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-headers-3.8.0-22-generic ...
Removing linux-headers-3.8.0-22 ...

.
Rimossi gli headers rimuovere il kernel

sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.8.0-22-generic
o 
sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.8.0.19-xxx      ##  esempio xx = pae ...etc

maurizio@rarl1304:~$sudo apt-get purge linux-image-3.8.0-22-generic 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  linux-image-3.8.0-22-generic* linux-image-extra-3.8.0-22-generic*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
After this operation, 163 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? 
(Reading database ... 225392 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing linux-image-extra-3.8.0-22-generic ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic
update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-3.8.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-extlinux 3.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic
P: Checking for EXTLINUX directory... found.
P: Writing config for /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-26-generic...
P: Writing config for /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-25-generic...
.....
.....
Found Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS (12.04) on /dev/sda15
Found Ubuntu 11.10 (11.10) on /dev/sdb4
done
Purging configuration files for linux-image-3.8.0-22-generic ...
Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d .
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 3.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-extlinux 3.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic
P: Checking for EXTLINUX directory... found.
P: Writing config for /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-26-generic...
P: Writing config for /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-25-generic...
P: Writing config for /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-23-generic...
P: Installing debian theme... done.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 3.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.8.0-22-generic

 

Grub2 e Kernels

Quando si rimuove un kernel si dovrebbe osservare a video l’aggiornamento del menu di grub dal quale vengono eliminate le voci relative ai kernel rimossi

Nel caso non venga aggiornato grub2 procedere manualemnte così da eliminare dal menu di grub2 le voci relative ai kernel rimossi.

sudo update-grub2

Risorse:

•    Pulire e ottimizzare Ubuntu risorse
• Pulire e ottimizzare Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal – applicazioni GUI
• Clean up and optimize Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal
• Ubuntu 12.04 pulizia e ottimizzazione
• grub 2 recovery – grub rescue >
• GRUB 2 e ripristino di grub 0.97
• GRUB

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